The Dentist in the Ditch - S5-E13
Visible crew/equipment: When Bones and Booth start talking to the coach on the field a light screen is reflected in Bones' sunglasses. (00:19:50)
The Proof in the Pudding - S5-E12
Revealing mistake: Hodgins says that the two shots took 1.6 seconds exactly. However, the timer shows a time of 1.15 seconds. (00:29:00)
The Proof in the Pudding - S5-E12
Continuity mistake: When telling Hodgins about the pregnancy, Angela's arms are constantly changing position between camera angles. (00:19:25)
The Proof in the Pudding - S5-E12
Continuity mistake: When Booth is tackled upon entering the lab, his gun is shown to go flying along the floor towards the doors. When the shot changes, a guard who tackled Booth has the gun in his hand. (00:16:10)
Continuity mistake: Wendal says he's worried about Hodgins not knowing about him and Angela. When he does, he's stroking Angela's shoulder with his finger tips in one shot but got his whole hand on her shoulder in the next. (00:08:50)
Continuity mistake: When we see Wendal and Angela in bed, Wendal has his arm up by his head in one shot and lowered in the next. (00:08:30)
The Gamer in the Grease - S5-E9
Continuity mistake: At the end, Booth asks what the flaw is in his reasoning. When he does he's holding up a quarter. When the shot changes his hand is now against his head. (00:39:50)
Continuity mistake: When realising that the victim wanted "an averaged sized woman", Booth has a folder by his mouth. Camera cuts and it's gone. (00:34:40)
Visible crew/equipment: When Booth is being shown around the gold shop a black tape marker is visible by the door where Booth stops. (00:26:00)
The Beautiful Day in the Neighborhood - S5-E4
Continuity mistake: At the start we see Nate having a drink from his cup and then lower the cup. When the shot changes he's drinking from the cup again. (00:01:00)
The Plain in the Prodigy - S5-E3
Continuity mistake: When finding out that the key cover broke Levi's hand, Bones is holding a bone in her hands and examining it. When the shot changes she isn't holding the bone any more. (00:34:30)
The Plain in the Prodigy - S5-E3
Continuity mistake: When Sweets comes to look at the rocks he puts his gloves on. Camera changes, and he's putting his second glove on a second time. (00:15:20)
The Plain in the Prodigy - S5-E3
Audio problem: We see Angela swipe her card and walk up onto the platform to get the skull at the start. When she walks up you can hear the beeps from her swiping her card. After she walks up, an extra swipes his card to walk up but no beep is heard. (00:04:10)
Harbingers in a Fountain - S5-E1
Continuity mistake: When using the ground penetrating radar, Bones says there is no such thing as a psychic. When she does she alternates from looking at Booth to looking at the radar instantly. (00:05:50)
The Beaver in the Otter - S4-E24
Continuity mistake: When Bones asks for the bed sheets, the first male to drop his sheet has it across both shoulders. He then takes it off one shoulder then the camera changes and it's off both shoulders. (00:15:30)
The Beaver in the Otter - S4-E24
Visible crew/equipment: When Aristoo first walks up on to the platform a black X is visible on the floor. (00:03:30)
The Doctor in the Den - S4-E18
Continuity mistake: When Hodgins approaches Bones, Cam and Angela who are having a coffee, the position of Angela and Bones changes instantly. (00:30:50)
The Salt in the Wounds - S4-E17
Continuity mistake: When Sweets is in the chiropractor's office, the doctor is pulling at Sweets' arms across his chest in one shot but in the next his arms are by his side. (00:35:10)
Double Trouble in the Panhandle - S4-E12
Continuity mistake: Angela comes in to say she has found the twins. When she pulls up the website she opens up a pop up showing the twins. The position of the pop up changes between shots. Note the size of the banner under the pop up. (00:03:40)
Continuity mistake: When Wendal is saying about an uncle who runs a crematorium, the hand he is holding the bones in changes between shots. (00:07:00)
Answer: Since the palatine bone is a bone that helps form the mouth it has a lot to do with speaking. The shape of it differs a lot depending on your ethnic background. I would guess that they, in the show, meant that the person's bone tells that they were Japanese and that it was "made for the purpose of speaking Japanese." That's what I'd assume anyway. I've studied molecular biology though, so I'm not an expert on bones.