Continuity mistake: Bones holds a red bag that is scrunched up for Angela at the start. Camera cuts and the bag is unfolded and being held open by Bones. (00:03:00)
Continuity mistake: When the director is looking at the 2 photos Booth hands him, there is a shot of the two photos one on top of the other neatly. Camera changes and they are no longer neatly on top of each other. The bottom one is sticking out and should have been visible in the previous shot. (00:18:40)
The Woman in the Whirlpool - S10-E20
Factual error: Brennan gives Jessica an X-ray with Technetium (Tc99m) for her collection. It's not an X-ray but a PET scan and it's not Technetium but most likely Fluor 18 (also radioactive) labeled sugar: F-18-FDG.
The Gunk in the Garage - S8-E3
Revealing mistake: Dr. Sweets gets shot by a stray bullet. However, before they fire their guns when Dr. Sweets says "they have guns" he already has the blood shot stain on his shirt. (00:39:10)
The Predator in the Pool - S5-E18
Continuity mistake: When Brennan and Hodgins are in the aquarium tank recovering the skull, the hose for Brennan's air starts over her left shoulder. During the first close up where Brennan is actually retrieving the skull, the breathing apparatus has been reversed, so the hose is now over her right shoulder. All other shots the hose is over the left shoulder. (00:06:30 - 00:08:00)
The Girl in the Gator - S2-E13
Visible crew/equipment: At the start, the ice cream van stops and Booth shoots the clown. If you look at the road there is an orange tape marker visible where the van stops. (00:02:15)
High Treason in the Holiday Season - S11-E8
Visible crew/equipment: While they're doing a full workup of the room at the Riverbanks Inn, just as Hodgins mentions that Ryan Gill has been in the room like an elephant in a china shop, when Agent Aubrey walks in the T-mark can be seen on the carpet. (In the Netflix version the T-mark has been edited out).
The Couple in the Cave - S6-E2
Continuity mistake: When Dr. Clark Edison apologizes for talking about Brennan and Booth "not getting all butt naked" together, Angela is standing near Cam, but when Hodgins tells Clark "dude, a little self control" Angela is now standing on the other side of the platform beside Clark. (00:06:40)
The Superhero in the Alley - S1-E12
Continuity mistake: Near the end, when Lucy first looks at the comic book, the page across from the "thank you" page is different than when it is shown a few shots later.
The Beautiful Day in the Neighborhood - S5-E4
Continuity mistake: Near the end, as Parker drinks his milkshake, its contents rise & fall (not counting his drinking some). Also, he moves the glass about enough to illustrate that it's fake - it would have spilled, the way he handles it.
The Crank in the Shaft - S4-E6
Continuity mistake: Bones walks onto the lab platform - first, there's no beep from the card reader, and second, she comes up on the wrong side of the steps, where there is no card reader anyway. The mistake is that the production team seems to have completely forgotten about the requirement for card access to that platform. They've had card access required since Season 1; anytime someone doesn't swipe their card, alarms go off. (00:26:00)
The Perfect Pieces in the Purple Pond - S4-E5
Continuity mistake: Bones tests some liquid to determine if blood is present. She uses about 2" in the test tube. The result shows a pink hue, not red. The camera angle changes, and now there's only about 1" in the tube, and it is red, not pink. (00:31:10)
The Finger in the Nest - S4-E4
Visible crew/equipment: After Hodgins examines the victim's car at the FBI, the next scene has Booth's truck driving down a country road, passing the camera in a close-up. As it passes the camera, reflected in the door is the cameraman's torso & arm. (00:14:30)
The Knight on the Grid - S3-E8
Continuity mistake: When Bones is dragged from the taxi after the explosion, she finds a tooth lodged in her arm (from bomb shrapnel). But she was pulled down for safety by Booth just before it went off, and was not exposed to the shrapnel - she was protected by the car door, and nothing was in a direct line to her. Added to that is the fact that her LEFT arm was hit - the arm that would have been on the 'inside/centre' of the front seat (the bomb went off on the right side of the car), and on which she was most likely lying - completely protecting that part of her body. (00:25:40)
Answer: Since the palatine bone is a bone that helps form the mouth it has a lot to do with speaking. The shape of it differs a lot depending on your ethnic background. I would guess that they, in the show, meant that the person's bone tells that they were Japanese and that it was "made for the purpose of speaking Japanese." That's what I'd assume anyway. I've studied molecular biology though, so I'm not an expert on bones.