The Bullet in the Brain - S6-E11
Factual error: Bone mentions Booth holds the "official record for the longest shot, almost a kilometer", and Booth corrects her to "over a kilometer." The record at the time was actually well over 2km, held by Corporal Rob Furlong, a Canadian sniper (since been beaten, it currently stands at 3.5km). In fact plenty of sniper kills had been recorded at over a kilometer since the late 19th century.
The Pain in the Heart - S3-E15
Character mistake: Bones says the remains are from someone about 180cm tall, and when asked for the "English" version, says "approximately 5'8." But 180cm is nearly 5'11" - 5'8" is only just over 170cm. Not a simplification someone as pedantic/accurate as Bones would make.
Continuity mistake: When Booth gets the print off the block, the tape has loads of black charcoal dust on it. The camera now zooms in and shows a distinctive clear finger print with no excess dust. (00:20:00)
Factual error: It's established that a Birimbao is a "small flute" by Dr Brennan. However, a Birimbao is a stringed percussion instrument. (00:03:00)
The Carrot in the Kudzu - S9-E18
Factual error: The plant the victim is covered in is not Kudzu. Kudzu is trifoliate (three leaflets per node) with two or three lobes per leaflet, and with entire margins (no serrations). The plant shown is serrated and does not have lobes.
The Final Chapter: The Day in the Life - S12-E11
Revealing mistake: Aubrey takes a tablet of some kind. However if you watch closely you will see he drops it in his mug instead of in his mouth.
The Monster in the Closet - S11-E13
Continuity mistake: Karen cuts her hand in the interrogation room. Between camera angles the amount of blood changes instantly. (00:24:15)
The Party in the Pants - S8-E22
Other mistake: The body falls from the excavator revealing there is no other debris in the excavator. However when the team get there they are told that the load in the bucket fell on the body, crushing the head. (00:03:15)
The Man in the Fallout Shelter - S1-E9
Continuity mistake: When Lisa arrives at the end she puts her hand to her shoulder. Camera cuts and it's by her side. (00:37:20)
Revealing mistake: When the town doctor confirms the clothing of the female victim you can see the victim is breathing despite missing a heart and being dead for a week. (00:33:10)
The Movie in the Making - S11-E18
Factual error: Angela try to recover some digital data (like SMS or the call list) from memory chip of a 2006 mobile phone. But there's not any memory chip on Angela's work table; there's a SO-DIMM RAM wafer, probably an old DDR which makes no sense: 1. RAM is a volatile memory, so after power off, data goes bye. 2. Lot of chips for a simple mobile phone memory 3. It's a RAM wafer. (00:28:50)
The Science in the Physicist - S4-E19
Continuity mistake: Bones finds a spot of damage on the chair (front side, about 4" down from the top edge). Yet later, the chair is without any damage.
The Knight on the Grid - S3-E8
Continuity mistake: When Booth & Bones' taxi gets blown up & flips, the car lands upright, with nothing on the roof except the (now broken) taxi light. Yet when Booth squirms out the driver's side window, there are a few large chunks of asphalt sitting on the roof. (00:25:20)
The Foot in the Foreclosure - S5-E8
Audio problem: In the beginning of the episode, Booth introduces his grandfather to Sweets and his grandfather asks, "Where did you get your M.D., in a Cracker Jack box?" You can hear Bones laugh, but her mouth remains closed.
The Blonde in the Game - S2-E4
Continuity mistake: When Booth and Bones are discussing Helen Majors, Booth gets a phone call and he holds the phone to his left ear with his right hand. In the following shot, he is holding the phone in his left hand. (00:21:05)
The Plain in the Prodigy - S5-E3
Factual error: When Bones and Booth go to visit Levi's parents and Sarah's brother yells at her that she is needed at home, when he gets into the buggy you see him wearing a wedding ring. Amish wear a beard to indicate marital status, not jewelry it is against the religion to wear any decoration including wedding rings. (00:08:50)
The Man with the Bone - S1-E18
Character mistake: The finger bone found in the dead man's hand was said to come from somewhere near Assateague Island, to which Hodgins replies, "That's where the money pit is." The "Money Pit" is actually located on Oak Island in Nova Scotia, not on Assateague Island, in Maryland/Virginia. He also says that they dug it out to about 150 feet, which is also incorrect. The 1971 Triton excavation was able to dig a shaft to a depth of 235 feet. What is said to be on Assateague island is the legendary lost Spanish galleon La Galga, not the Money Pit. (00:02:55)
The End in the Beginning - S4-E26
Factual error: Near the end, as Bones is typing her book, she hits the
Continuity mistake: The person responsible for background shots while anyone is in a car driving, is grossly negligent in their continuity. Very rarely do Bones & Booth drive down a street without the background changing rapidly from urban to rural streets, and back. In a Season 1 episode, they're driving through a flat desert, with nothing in the background except scrub - and then suddenly, a mountain appears in the middle of the shot.
Answer: Since the palatine bone is a bone that helps form the mouth it has a lot to do with speaking. The shape of it differs a lot depending on your ethnic background. I would guess that they, in the show, meant that the person's bone tells that they were Japanese and that it was "made for the purpose of speaking Japanese." That's what I'd assume anyway. I've studied molecular biology though, so I'm not an expert on bones.