Continuity mistake: When Bart and Nelson first roll the orange and apple, we can see there is no-one sitting in front of Nelson. But a couple of shots earlier, we saw Milhouse sitting in front of Nelson.
Continuity mistake: On the bus, Otto rewinds his tape and there is a shot of the kids. In this shot, we can see the kids and nothing else. A couple of shots later, a food box has appeared out of nowhere.
Revealing mistake: At the U.N. meeting, Bart places his glasses down on the table to read out the Libyan exports. As he puts the glasses down, you can see they are unrealistically floating in the air.
Continuity mistake: At the Model U.N. meeting, Bart finishes speaking and puts down his papers on the right hand side of his desk. Two shots later, the papers are on the middle of the desk. (00:03:10)
Continuity mistake: The pens and pencils in the good butter change between shots when Homer begins his website. (00:04:55)
Answer: I'm not sure if this is the one you're thinking of, but an episode of "Ray Bradbury Theatre," called "A Sound of Thunder," dealt with a similar matter: a group of hunters travel back in time to hunt dinosaurs, only to find things have changed when they get back because someone stepped on a butterfly.
Xofer