Factual error: The premise of the episode is that the inhabitants of planet 892-IV have mirrored our Roman Empire in every way, except their civilization never fell. If that is the case, they should be speaking Latin, not English.
Factual error: As Kirk, McKoy and Scottie age during the episode, their hair goes from brown to fully grey. Mr. Spock shows this to a lesser extent, but by the end of the episode, he has full streaks of grey. This isn't how grey hair works. It starts from the root and works it way outward over time to the end of the strand. Unless their hair is growing quite rapidly, and then cut to keep it short, they shouldn't have full heads of grey hair.
Factual error: Kirk, McCoy, and Spock are chained to the dungeon wall, with McCoy noticing he is next to a skeleton, also chained. This is incorrect, as a skeleton's bones are held together by cartilage, which would rot over time. Therefore, the skeleton would not be hanging intact, but would be a pile of bones on the floor.
Suggested correction: As we learn in the episode, the 2 aliens created the entire castle only recently to appeal to the human's primal fears and superstitions. A pile of bones on the floor would not have the frightening impact of a hanging skeleton.
