Continuity mistake: Maggie spits a hotel out on to the board which disappears a few seconds later. (00:16:15)
Continuity mistake: When Burns hangs up the phone to Kent Brockman, his name tag on his radiation suit disappears. (00:10:20)
Continuity mistake: When the purple jam pops on the core temperature dial, it leaves some residue on the dial which has disappeared in the very next shot. (00:05:10)
Continuity mistake: When Homer is talking to Lenny and Carl about the movie his pink doughnut disappears from his hand. (00:03:45)
Answer: I'm not sure if this is the one you're thinking of, but an episode of "Ray Bradbury Theatre," called "A Sound of Thunder," dealt with a similar matter: a group of hunters travel back in time to hunt dinosaurs, only to find things have changed when they get back because someone stepped on a butterfly.
Xofer