Continuity mistake: The amount of grime on the CIA badge changes between the long and close-ups. (00:13:40)
Harbingers in a Fountain - S5-E1
Continuity mistake: When the doctor tries to ambush Bones, he has the scalpel raised at head height. Camera change and now it is much lower. (00:29:30)
Harbingers in a Fountain - S5-E1
Visible crew/equipment: Booth puts his sunglasses on when Caroline goes to get the warrant. When he does so, a light screen and equipment is reflected in his glasses. (00:07:40)
Harbingers in a Fountain - S5-E1
Continuity mistake: When using the ground penetrating radar, Bones says there is no such thing as a psychic. When she does she alternates from looking at Booth to looking at the radar instantly. (00:05:50)
Harbingers in a Fountain - S5-E1
Continuity mistake: Brennan has just returned from Guatemala and is back at her office. She meets Booth and the two hug. The way they hug each other differs between shots, most notably the position of Brennan's right elbow on Booth's shoulder. (00:04:00)
The Critic in the Cabernet - S4-E25
Continuity mistake: When interviewing the suspect over fake wine, Booth picks up the bottle. Camera changes and the bottle is back on the table. (00:34:40)
The Beaver in the Otter - S4-E24
Continuity mistake: When Bones is telling the physics professor that 5 students failed the exam, the professor is clasping up her briefcase. Shot changes and her hand is no longer on the briefcase. (00:22:10)
The Beaver in the Otter - S4-E24
Character mistake: About half way through the episode, there is a computer screen with "Chemsitry" on it - a spelling error that should not have made it past editing. (00:24:10)
The Beaver in the Otter - S4-E24
Continuity mistake: Booth gives Jared the details for a job interview and puts it in his hand and the paper is completely in Jared clasp. Camera changes and now the paper is visible. (00:16:50)
The Beaver in the Otter - S4-E24
Continuity mistake: When Bones asks for the bed sheets, the first male to drop his sheet has it across both shoulders. He then takes it off one shoulder then the camera changes and it's off both shoulders. (00:15:30)
The Beaver in the Otter - S4-E24
Continuity mistake: When confronting Molly about sleeping with the victim, Booth has both hands down by his side. When the camera cuts his one hand is now scratching his cheek. (00:14:15)
The Beaver in the Otter - S4-E24
Continuity mistake: When Bones and Booth are talking to Molly about her sleeping with Beaver, her facial expression goes from angry/upset to laughing during an instant cut. (00:14:10)
The Beaver in the Otter - S4-E24
Continuity mistake: Bone holds up the evidence bag containing the bullet. In the next shot, her arm and the bag is lowered. (00:13:10)
The Beaver in the Otter - S4-E24
Visible crew/equipment: When Aristoo first walks up on to the platform a black X is visible on the floor. (00:03:30)
Continuity mistake: When Booth and Bones are shown the Pimp's scar, the towel the guy is holding switches hands instantly. (00:16:30)
Continuity mistake: When in the diner after going to the Japanese tea room, Booth has his fingers rubbing his temple. Shot changes and his hand is lowered. (00:11:15)
The Double Death of the Dearly Departed - S4-E22
Continuity mistake: When Bones and Cam drive off with the corpse in the car, the bumper reflects a studio parking lot. Not the suburban street they were just on. (00:12:10)
Continuity mistake: When interviewing Lexi she puts her arms up and plays with her hair in one shot but then in the next her arms are down. (00:28:30)
The Science in the Physicist - S4-E19
Visible crew/equipment: When Booth stands up to arrest Scotty and orange tape marker is visible on the floor. (00:37:30)
The Doctor in the Den - S4-E18
Continuity mistake: Around the 37-minute mark Bones approaches Cam with an update on the case. When she does, Cams position alters between shots. A hand suddenly appears by her mouth/chin. (00:37:30)
Answer: Since the palatine bone is a bone that helps form the mouth it has a lot to do with speaking. The shape of it differs a lot depending on your ethnic background. I would guess that they, in the show, meant that the person's bone tells that they were Japanese and that it was "made for the purpose of speaking Japanese." That's what I'd assume anyway. I've studied molecular biology though, so I'm not an expert on bones.