Continuity mistake: When the doctor asks him if he has a moment and Mr.Burns looks at his watch but by the next scene it is gone.
Continuity mistake: At the beginning of the show, the hospital Mr. Burns is at has a sign in front of it that reads, "Got Tumor?", but when we see the hospital again it isn't there. Additionally, the "Mayo Clinic" sign atop the building gets noticeably smaller in the second shot.
Answer: I'm not sure if this is the one you're thinking of, but an episode of "Ray Bradbury Theatre," called "A Sound of Thunder," dealt with a similar matter: a group of hunters travel back in time to hunt dinosaurs, only to find things have changed when they get back because someone stepped on a butterfly.
Xofer