The Fight in the Fixer - S11-E15
Revealing mistake: Hodgins turns the furnace off at the start. However the yellow light from the flames in the tunnels disappears before he turns the furnace off.
The Monster in the Closet - S11-E13
Continuity mistake: Cam finds the watch covered in cat food. Between camera angles the amount of cat food on the watch is constantly changing. (00:19:40)
The Cowboy in the Contest - S11-E9
Other mistake: During one of the shoot outs, Bones misses a target but is scored a perfect 12.
The Doom in the Boom - S11-E10
Other mistake: Aubrey suffers severe shrapnel wounds to his back as explained in the episode. However in the hospital he is lying on his back and sat up in bed. (00:17:35)
The Doom in the Boom - S11-E10
Audio problem: When the BAU agent first appears and is explaining her findings, the audio doesn't always match up. (00:05:00)
The Resurrection in the Remains - S11-E5
Continuity mistake: When the pumpkin falls into the coffin, the face is facing down the body. Camera shows an overhead shot and the pumpkin face is now facing up. (00:05:05)
The Baker in the Bits - S10-E13
Continuity mistake: When Aubrey is at the victims apartment, the room mate grabs a towel and puts it over one shoulder. Camera changes and it's over both. (00:09:30)
The Mutilation of the Master Manipulator - S10-E9
Audio problem: At the end when confronted with the evidence the killer starts talking in a shot from behind but her mouth doesn't move. (00:39:40)
The Drama in the Queen - S9-E23
Continuity mistake: When we see the mum climbing down the ladder at the start, the way it's attached to the side of the well changes between shots. (00:01:40)
Visible crew/equipment: When we see the aerial shots at the end, the shadow from the filming helicopter can be seen on the ground. (00:39:55)
The Ghost in the Killer - S9-E12
Continuity mistake: When Trent and Jack are talking about when they were kids, the sweat stains on Trent's top keep changing in size. (00:27:10)
The Titan on the Tracks - S2-E1
Continuity mistake: At the start we see Bones put her hair up into a ponytail from a high wide shot. Camera changes to ground level and she puts her hair up again. (00:01:10)
The Secret in the Siege - S8-E24
Visible crew/equipment: When the camera pans to behind Pelant's desk, the camera shadow can be seen on the desk. (00:00:50)
The Party in the Pants - S8-E22
Continuity mistake: When Sweets is talking to the victim's girlfriend, she has a strand of hair in her hand from the rear angle and nothing in her hand in the front angle. (00:15:50)
The Party in the Pants - S8-E22
Continuity mistake: The body falls on a foreman who gets covered in blood. When she scrambles away the blood has gone. (00:03:05)
The Maiden in the Mushrooms - S8-E21
Continuity mistake: When the guy finds the skull his grip changes between shots. (00:02:10)
The Twist in the Plot - S8-E13
Continuity mistake: When Bones is watching Booth make his video for Christine, in some shots she's stood up straight, in others she's leaning against the wall. (00:38:00)
The Ghost in the Machine - S8-E9
Other mistake: Bones states she doesn't like to make assumptions in sex based on just the skull. However this is something she has done from the start. (00:01:10)
Continuity mistake: When Hodgins carries the first box of roaches to the remains, the positions of the roaches changes instantly. In one shot they are all over the side of the tank, in the next shot they are not. (00:21:30)
Continuity mistake: When Bones scans the pod you can see the skull in the pod has its jaw open. However the skull picture on the scanner has its jaw closed.
Answer: Since the palatine bone is a bone that helps form the mouth it has a lot to do with speaking. The shape of it differs a lot depending on your ethnic background. I would guess that they, in the show, meant that the person's bone tells that they were Japanese and that it was "made for the purpose of speaking Japanese." That's what I'd assume anyway. I've studied molecular biology though, so I'm not an expert on bones.