Factual error: John Smith's (voiced by Aussie, Mel Gibson) accent changes and also fades in and out during the course of the movie.
Factual error: The flag used when Radcliff claims the land for King James I wasn't adopted until 1801.
Factual error: The movie depicts a moose in what would be Coastal Virginia. They are not native to there at all.
Answer: This is a question the movie chose not to answer. It could be assumed he died as the Powhatans did not have the knowledge to treat gunshot wounds. However, there were cases even as far back as this time of individuals being able to survive gunshot wounds as long as the bleeding could be stopped and infection didn't spread. As the Powhatans did know herbs in the land to treat infections and did know how to mend bleeding; it is also possible he lived though he would have walked with a limp for the rest of his life.