The Knight on the Grid - S3-E8
Continuity mistake: When Bones is dragged from the taxi after the explosion, she finds a tooth lodged in her arm (from bomb shrapnel). But she was pulled down for safety by Booth just before it went off, and was not exposed to the shrapnel - she was protected by the car door, and nothing was in a direct line to her. Added to that is the fact that her LEFT arm was hit - the arm that would have been on the 'inside/centre' of the front seat (the bomb went off on the right side of the car), and on which she was most likely lying - completely protecting that part of her body. (00:25:40)
The Man with the Bone - S1-E18
Visible crew/equipment: W|hen Booth talks to to a fisherman on the docks, we can see the camera rig rolling behind him, by the rig's shadow against the pile of equipment on the dock. (00:17:25)
A Night at the Bones Museum - S5-E5
Continuity mistake: The mummy is in direct sunlight with no shadows on him when Cam first walks up to examine him. When Bones and Booth walk up to him, a few seconds later, the right side of his face is in the shadows. (00:04:00)
Continuity mistake: At the diner, before Mrs. Duncan comes to confess about murdering her husband, Brennan takes a sip of tea. Her glass at this point is less than half full. When Mrs. Duncan walks in, the same glass is now almost full.
Continuity mistake: Bones and Booth visit the astronaut's wife at her house to interview her. She starts off at the very right end of the green sofa. She moves towards the middle of the sofa in between shots.
The Proof in the Pudding - S5-E12
Continuity mistake: When Booth is talking to his boss at the diner, the latter is chewing on his mouth full of food when shot from the right, and has an empty mouth when shot from the left. This happens every time the shot changes angles. (00:11:30)
Audio problem: At about 3:47 into the episode, you hear the sound of a slide racking on a pump shotgun, however, when the shotgun wielding woman appears on camera, she is holding a side by side break action double barreled shotgun instead of a pump action.
Continuity mistake: When Cam sits down with some catalogues for Michelle at the start, Michelle's hands change place between camera angles. In one shot, she has her left arm out straight, and in the next, she is fiddling with her right hand. (00:07:00)
The Shallow in the Deep - S6-E6
Continuity mistake: At the end, when in the diner, there is a very long shot of Daisey and Sweets, followed by a close-up. Their positions change between these angles. Most noticeably, Daisey's right arm. (00:39:20)
The Couple in the Cave - S6-E2
Continuity mistake: At the end, when Booth and Hannah leave the bar, Booth puts some money on the bar to pay for his drink. When the shot shows Bones alone at the bar, and the shot is zooming out, the money on the bar has completely changed position from the previous shot. (00:40:50)
The Mastodon in the Room - S6-E1
Continuity mistake: In the diner, when looking at the X-Ray with a glass, Dr. Brennan's grip on the glass changes. Note the lip. (00:25:30)
The Bones on a Blue Line - S5-E15
Other mistake: In the subway tunnel Daisey is surprised to see a white cane and comes to the conclusion the victim was blind, However, in the scene before this, it was established on the forensics platform that the victim was blind due to a surgical implant. (00:12:00)
The Proof in the Pudding - S5-E12
Continuity mistake: At the end in the diner, Angela says about the body not being JFK, When she does Hodgins has his fork up by his mouth. Camera cuts and it's lowered. (00:38:20)
The Dentist in the Ditch - S5-E13
Continuity mistake: Booth is telling Bones and Sweets that the victim was married for 5 years. When he does, Bones has her hand by her mouth in one shot and down on her notepad in the next. (00:28:40)
The Plain in the Prodigy - S5-E3
Continuity mistake: The girl says that she saw a "full on Amish guy" who looked pissed. When she says this to Booth, he hand disappears from her chin instantly. (00:24:40)
The Beaver in the Otter - S4-E24
Continuity mistake: When confronting Molly about sleeping with the victim, Booth has both hands down by his side. When the camera cuts his one hand is now scratching his cheek. (00:14:15)
Continuity mistake: When interviewing Lexi she puts her arms up and plays with her hair in one shot but then in the next her arms are down. (00:28:30)
The Doctor in the Den - S4-E18
Continuity mistake: When Booth is questioning Brandon for the first time, Booth and Brandon's positions in the interview room are different to the live feed behind the glass. (00:16:40)
The Salt in the Wounds - S4-E17
Continuity mistake: When lowering the remains into the tank, Aristoo's grip on the remains changes instantly. (00:11:05)
The Princess and the Pear - S4-E15
Continuity mistake: When Hodgins finds the sword the plastic wrap is very wide around the hilt. When he holds the sword up, the plastic is flush with the hilt. (00:20:40)
Answer: Since the palatine bone is a bone that helps form the mouth it has a lot to do with speaking. The shape of it differs a lot depending on your ethnic background. I would guess that they, in the show, meant that the person's bone tells that they were Japanese and that it was "made for the purpose of speaking Japanese." That's what I'd assume anyway. I've studied molecular biology though, so I'm not an expert on bones.