Continuity mistake: The beginning of the bridge scene is really chaotic: Short walks several meters ahead, the wide angle shows he's alone, then a frame later he's several meters back plus with Willie next to him, then it cuts to him and again he's alone.
Continuity mistake: While hanging from the bridge, when the Thuggee flies down, Indy is sometimes in a higher or lower place, depending on the shot.
Revealing mistake: When the plane lands against the snowy mountain, no parts fly all over and no snow shatters at all, revealing the composite trick.
Continuity mistake: When Indy is in agony surrounded by candles, the three next to his feet change positions between shots.
Continuity mistake: When the three are leaning on the mountain with the jet of water, Short's arms are spread apart in the wide angle, but close to his body in the immediate close-up, a frame later.
Continuity mistake: In the village, the three are surrounded by a huge crowd, yet when Short goes for a walk, half a second later, there's barely a dozen people in front of Indy and Willie. Then it cuts back to the previous wide angle and the huge crowd reappears.
Continuity mistake: While eating in the Indian village, Short's hat swaps back and forth from tucked down to his eyebrows or raised up, with his fringe visible.
Continuity mistake: When Indy uses his whip to swing into the mine cart that Willie and Shorty are in, the way that he is holding the whip changes from shot to shot. Frontal shots show Indy holding the whip with his hands above his head. In shots from behind, Indy is holding the whip with his hands at his chest.
Continuity mistake: When Mola Ram is trying to get Indy's heart on the hanging bridge, the opening of Indy's shirt keeps changing drastically through shots.
Factual error: After Willie and Shorty step on mola Ram's hands and make him fall off the bridge, a jet airplane is seen on the right side.
Continuity mistake: The dancers pick up some red handkerchiefs creating a narrow tunnel for Willie to walk through. A frame later they are spread 15 meters apart and just two dancers are parallel to each other holding the fabric.
Visible crew/equipment: When Indy is on the rope bridge at the end, his sword keeps reflecting the white lights being used to illuminate the scene. The sun wouldn't be at the angle he's reflecting as it would be up in the sky, not behind the camera where this light source is.
Other mistake: When the airplane Indy and company are flying in runs out of gas, there is a close up of the instrument panel. The hands of the altimeter start spinning as the plane descends. However, so does the altimeter setting at the side. The altimeter setting is changed by the knob at the bottom. It does not change with altitude.
Revealing mistake: When the water floods the mine, some shots of the 3 heroes are an obvious composite of their blue screened image over a set. Problem is, when Indy tells the two to run towards a tunnel on the right with a log blocking the way, Indy and Shorty run through the log as if they were ghosts.
Continuity mistake: Before Mola Ram hides through a trap door on the floor, his hat is off except for a very brief moment when it's on.
Factual error: They escape from the plane using a life raft and fall a considerable distance (looks like hundreds of feet) before landing on a snowfield. They then slide down the snow and off a cliff before landing in a fast flowing river, again falling a considerable height. There is no way they would be able to fall that distance and land on snow covered ground or a river without being killed or seriously injured, but they are completely unscathed.
Factual error: The self inflating boat on the "South China Air" plane is the typical modern colour yellow and modern shape, which didn't exist at that time.
Continuity mistake: Before the water tank falls, there's a shot on Mola Ram and his people next to it. Then there's a wide shot of the tank about to burst and the people running away from the area. Then the previous shot of Mola Ram standing calmly with his men by the tank is repeated, which makes no sense.
Continuity mistake: During the mine cart scene, Indy is sometimes seated on the back, others on the front, with no logic whatsoever, and sometimes between one frame and another.
Continuity mistake: When the rickshaw crashes, the sailor jumps out. One second later, from a different angle, he is inside the rickshaw jumping out again.
Answer: He says "kali ma, shakti day". This is hindi and means (literally) "black mother, give me power/strength". "Ohm nama Shivaya" means "I bow to Shiva." Both are Hindi.