The Bones That Weren't - S6-E5
Continuity mistake: When Derek takes Booth's watch, he holds it up over his index finger to show Booth. When Booth grabs the watch, Derek is now holding it with his thumb and index finger. (00:18:40)
The Maggots in the Meathead - S6-E3
Continuity mistake: The two slivers that Fisher removes from the skull are placed under a microscope. However, the items move on the screen between the three different camera angles. (00:31:20)
The Couple in the Cave - S6-E2
Continuity mistake: The photo of the victims that Sweets and Booth has out in the park goes from folded and rumpled to straight and neat between shots. (00:17:50)
The Couple in the Cave - S6-E2
Continuity mistake: When Sweets holds out the picture of the victims for Mr. Winkle to look at, his grip on the paper changes between shots. (00:18:00)
The Couple in the Cave - S6-E2
Visible crew/equipment: In the FBI building, for the first time, we see Booth and his girlfriend walking in. As we see this, the camera moves to the right and past a PC monitor that reflects the camera operator and rig. (00:06:45)
The Mastodon in the Room - S6-E1
Continuity mistake: When Hodgins and Angela are talking in the diner at the end, Hodgins' hand keeps moving when resting his head in it. (00:38:20)
The Beginning in the End - S5-E22
Continuity mistake: At the start, the amount of maggots in the boy's hair changes between shots. (00:00:30)
The Witch in the Wardrobe - S5-E20
Continuity mistake: Bones draws a circle around the pentagram; however, it changes designs when we next see it. (00:35:10)
The Predator in the Pool - S5-E18
Continuity mistake: At the very end of the episodes, Booth is holding his beer by his mouth. As the camera does its final change of angle and starts to fade out, he is now drinking his beer, despite an instant cut. (00:41:15)
The Predator in the Pool - S5-E18
Continuity mistake: Booth holds out the cheque for Dimitri Vladov to see. It is either held horizontally or vertically, depending on the camera angle. (00:29:40)
The Predator in the Pool - S5-E18
Continuity mistake: When Booth is holding up Ben's cheque, the way he holds it changes from the front view and the over-the-shoulder view. (00:24:50)
The Predator in the Pool - S5-E18
Continuity mistake: When we first see the skull, it has all its teeth in place. When the skull lands on the bottom of the tank, a top tooth is missing. (00:04:20)
The Predator in the Pool - S5-E18
Continuity mistake: At the start, the woman has her hand on her bag in one shot, but when the changes, it's no longer on the bag strap. (00:00:15)
The Death of the Queen Bee - S5-E17
Visible crew/equipment: When Hodgins rushes to speak to Angela, a yellow marker is visible on the floor. (00:07:50)
The Death of the Queen Bee - S5-E17
Continuity mistake: Booth opens the bathroom door while on the phone to Sweets. However, the door has closed itself as Booth is walking away. (00:06:50)
The Death of the Queen Bee - S5-E17
Continuity mistake: At the start, the quantity and position of the maggots on the girl's face change position between shots. (00:01:00)
The Verdict in the Story - S3-E13
Continuity mistake: Sweets states both of his doctorates were from Columbia. In an earlier episode he said he had a doctorate from Philadelphia instead.
The Doom in the Boom - S11-E10
Character mistake: In the last scene of the episode, the hospital doctor comes into a waiting room to give a status on Hodges to his coworkers. She is carrying two large x-ray films. Bones says "Are those the MRIs? Let me see them." Bones would have known that they were x-ray films and not MRI scans, which would have been printed on paper.
Continuity mistake: When Cam sits down with some catalogues for Michelle at the start, Michelle's hands change place between camera angles. In one shot, she has her left arm out straight, and in the next, she is fiddling with her right hand. (00:07:00)
The Shallow in the Deep - S6-E6
Continuity mistake: At the end, when in the diner, there is a very long shot of Daisey and Sweets, followed by a close-up. Their positions change between these angles. Most noticeably, Daisey's right arm. (00:39:20)
Answer: Since the palatine bone is a bone that helps form the mouth it has a lot to do with speaking. The shape of it differs a lot depending on your ethnic background. I would guess that they, in the show, meant that the person's bone tells that they were Japanese and that it was "made for the purpose of speaking Japanese." That's what I'd assume anyway. I've studied molecular biology though, so I'm not an expert on bones.