Emmett's Brother-in-Law - S8-E18
Visible crew/equipment: When Ben accompanies Emmett on his first call to Andy, just as they both enter the courthouse, we can see a crew member's hand outside reach out to catch the door as it closes. (00:12:40)
Character mistake: Mr Darling says there are only 5 strings on the guitar he hands to Andy. You can see all 6 strings when the camera shows Andy playing Dooley.
Visible crew/equipment: At the end, when Dr. Breen tells the very tired group, "You all look as serene and relaxed as if you'd just finished listening to a pleasant band concert," in the next shot facing the porch, the shadow of the boom mic is moving around between the two windows above Clara and Andy, at the top of the screen.
Continuity mistake: In earlier episodes, we are told that Gomer can't do mechanic work. He just pumps gas and air: "There's no charge for air; air is free; we don't make no charge for air." But in this episode, Gomer has become an ace master mechanic.
The Darlings Are Coming - S3-E25
Continuity mistake: When Briscoe gets into his truck, his hat is wet from dipping it (5x) in a horse trough. The camera cuts away to Andy and immediately back to Briscoe, whose hat is now dry. Also, "she's always hood for 11 hat fulls," yet Briscoe only puts 5 hats of water in his engine.
The Church Benefactors - S8-E20
Visible crew/equipment: At the start of the finance committee meeting, when Clara walks into the office modelling the choir robe, the shadow of the boom mic is visible on the door, in the top right corner of the screen. White tape marks are also visible on the floor, as Clara twirls in the choir robe. (00:08:15)
Continuity mistake: When Barney disguises himself as an old woman, in the very first shot he's wearing a dress with lace and tiny flowers, but in all the following shots it's an entirely different dress with large groups of flowers. (00:17:40)
Visible crew/equipment: When Barney and Andy are waiting for Virgil to arrive, just as the bus pulls up and stops, the reflection of the boom pole/mic is visible on the windshield. (00:03:50)
The Church Benefactors - S8-E20
Visible crew/equipment: During the meeting with the finance committee, a chalk T-mark is visible near Howard's feet when he and Emmett demonstrate their building and safety committee proposal.
The Church Benefactors - S8-E20
Visible crew/equipment: At the start, Andy's trying to get Opie's hair to stay down, and when Aunt Bee appears on the stairs, the moving boom mic casts a shadow at the top left corner of the screen. (00:00:30)
Visible crew/equipment: When Aunt Bee heads out for her first cooking show at the studio, Andy and Opie help load Bee's car, then just as Bee walks around the front of her car, we can see the reflection of various production equipment on the surface of the car. (00:08:00)
Visible crew/equipment: When Aunt Bee comes home enraged at the butcher, a white tape mark is visible on the floor near the kitchen door (it wasn't there in a previous shot).
Aunt Bee and the Lecturer - S8-E10
Visible crew/equipment: When Andy parks the squad car in front of the house he asks Hubert about the picnic, and the reflection of the moving boom mic is visible on the windshield. (00:12:35)
Andy and Opie, Housekeepers - S1-E23
Continuity mistake: When Aunt Bee leaves the house holding her suitcase, in the interior shot the suitcase lid faces out as Bee exits the front door, but in the next exterior shot the suitcase now faces the opposite way (note the rivets) as Bee continues to walk out the front door. (00:04:05)
Visible crew/equipment: At the end, while the foursome sit around drinking pop, in the very last shot of Howard we can see the reflection of filming equipment in the window, before the shot fades. (00:24:30)
Revealing mistake: The woman in the foreground, as the siren is stuck, is carrying a paper grocery sack from "Hollywood Ranch Market" which was located on Vine St and Fountain Ave in Hollywood, Los Angeles. (00:09:35)
Factual error: We know from 2 episodes prior (Man in a Hurry) and generally mentioned throughout the show, the only filling station in Mayberry is Wally's Filling Station. In this episode Mayor Stoner is accused of only putting the new underpass in Mayberry because it will be next to Mayor Stoner's brother's filling station.
Continuity mistake: The fuel pumps at Wally's gas station (regular and super) switch sides between numerous episodes.
Answer: Those "boxes" are valences that used to be very common, before air conditioning. They allow for windows to be open during rain storms. They permit air circulation, without letting the rain in.