Continuity mistake: As Bart is forced to show Marge the item (picture frame) he is hiding, he pulls it out of his jacket and he hands it to Marge. As he pulls it out you can see there is nothing in the frame or on the border of the picture frame. After Marge's reaction to the photo we see a close up of the frame and there is now a picture in the frame and some colorful decorations around the frame. Whilst the frame could have been the backside when he pulled it out he never turned it over when handing it to her, and Marge never turned it around when looking at it.
Continuity mistake: After Brodka lets Bart go with a warning the boy rides his bicycle home, and in the closeup the handlebar's single brake lever is at Bart's right hand, but in the next wide shot the brake lever is at his left hand. In the closeup there's also a bar at the center of the handlebar, but it's gone in the wide shot. (00:09:05)
Continuity mistake: When Brodka brings Bart to the security office and plays the shoplifters video tape, Troy McClure's trench coat buttons are on his right side (viewer's left), but when Brodka turns off the video the buttons are on Troy's left side, between shots. (00:07:30)
Continuity mistake: At bedtime, while we hear Marge singing to Lisa in her bedroom Bart is lying in his bed, and on Bart's nightstand beside the door there's a framed photo of Krusty and an alarm clock, but in the next closeup the photo has vanished and instead there's a Krusty telephone. (00:15:55)
Continuity mistake: When Marge runs after Bart because he's hiding something under his jacket, Homer pulls out a gate to block Bart's entrance to the TV room. Three different gate styles are shown. (00:20:35)
Answer: I'm not sure if this is the one you're thinking of, but an episode of "Ray Bradbury Theatre," called "A Sound of Thunder," dealt with a similar matter: a group of hunters travel back in time to hunt dinosaurs, only to find things have changed when they get back because someone stepped on a butterfly.
Xofer